​​Canine Acne

 

Canine acne, or muzzle folliculitis and furunculosis, is an inflammatory skin condition affecting the lips and chin of dogs, particularly young, short-coated breeds. It is caused by hair follicle inflammation, often triggered by trauma to the muzzle (like rubbing on surfaces), which breaks hairs off below the skin. Symptoms include red bumps, pimples, and swelling, which can become infected. Treatment involves keeping the area clean and dry, using medicated wipes or shampoos, and in severe or infected cases, oral antibiotics or anti-inflammatory medication.  

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Causes

Trauma: 

Play and rubbing the muzzle on rough surfaces can break hairs and push them under the skin, leading to inflammation. 

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Short, Stiff Hairs: 

These hairs create a "foreign body" reaction, causing the follicle to become inflamed and potentially rupture. 

 

Secondary Infection: 

Once a follicle is damaged, it can become infected by bacteria or fungi, complicating the condition. 

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Genetics: 

Certain dog breeds are more predisposed to developing canine acne. 

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Symptoms 

1. Red bumps or pustules (pimples) on the skin.

2. Hairless patches.

3. Swelling of the lips and muzzle.

4. In severe cases, the lesions may ooze, bleed, form scabs, or result in permanent scarring.

 

Treatment

 

Good Hygiene:

Keep the dog's chin and muzzle clean and dry, especially after eating. 

Medicated Shampoos and Wipes: Products with ingredients like benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid can help clean the skin and reduce bacteria. 

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Oral or Topical Antibiotics:

For severe or infected cases, a veterinarian may prescribe these. 

 

Anti-inflammatory Medication:

In cases of significant swelling, corticosteroids may be used to reduce discomfort. 

 

Preventative Measures:

Minimize rough play and ensure the dog has softer surfaces to lie on to prevent further trauma. 

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When to See a Vet

Contact your veterinarian if the acne is severe, appears very painful, or your dog is disrupting their normal activities like eating. A veterinarian can also rule out other skin conditions like yeast or parasitic infections.